Another endangered stifftail, although there are some doubts
about this classification, which was based on winter counts. It has a widespread breeding range from Spain and
adjacent North Africa to Mongolia, with possibly a few remaining in China. However there are many disjunct
populations within this area and it does not breed in western Europe apart from Spain. The bulk of the population
is in Central Asia; Turkey, Armenia and Kazakhstan, more northern birds are migratory. Vagrants have occurred in
England, but as yet have not found favour with the authorities, although records do seem to have ceased since
the culling of Ruddy Ducks.
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