An Arctic breeder, similar in distribution to the last species, except for a gap from
western Russia to Siberia. It also breeds in Scandinavia and the UK plus the west coast of Alaska. Six suspecies
occur, including that breeding in Shetland, Orkney The Hebrides and Faroes, known as faeroeensis. However,
whilst all are distinct there are many intergrades, and some only recognise four. The most distinctive are dealt with
separately, as splits have been mooted.
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HOMEPAGE